📚 Riferimenti Bibliografici

Classificazione ASA e valutazione preoperatoria

  1. ASA Physical Status Classification System. American Society of Anesthesiologists, last amended October 2019.
  2. Apfelbaum JL et al. Practice Advisory for Preanesthesia Evaluation. Anesthesiology 2012;116(3):522-538.
  3. De Hert S et al. 2022 ESC/ESA Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: cardiovascular assessment and management. Eur Heart J 2022;43(39):3826-3924.

Gestione antiaggreganti e DAPT perioperatoria

  1. Rossini R et al. Documento ANMCO/GISE/SICI-GISE sulla gestione perioperatoria della terapia antiaggregante nei pazienti con stent coronarici. G Ital Cardiol 2018;19(Suppl 2):3S-36S.
  2. Valgimigli M et al. 2017 ESC Focused Update on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. Eur Heart J 2018;39(3):213-260.
  3. Columbo JA et al. Perioperative Management of Antiplatelet Therapy. JAMA Surg 2020;155(10):978-979.

Gestione anticoagulanti orali e bridging

  1. Douketis JD et al. Perioperative Management of Patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants (PAUSE Study). JAMA Intern Med 2019;179(11):1469-1478.
  2. Douketis JD et al. Perioperative Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (BRIDGE Trial). N Engl J Med 2015;373(9):823-833.
  3. Hornor MA et al. ACS-STS Guidelines on Perioperative Anticoagulation Management. J Am Coll Surg 2024;238(5):870-898.

Anestesia neuroassiale e anticoagulanti

  1. Horlocker TT et al. Regional Anesthesia in the Patient Receiving Antithrombotic or Thrombolytic Therapy — ASRA Guidelines (4th Ed.). Reg Anesth Pain Med 2018;43(3):263-309.
  2. Gogarten W et al. ESA Guidelines on Neuraxial Block and Anticoagulants. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2010;27(12):999-1015.

Rischio cardiaco perioperatorio (RCRI, METs)

  1. Lee TH et al. Derivation and Prospective Validation of a Simple Index for Prediction of Cardiac Risk (Revised Cardiac Risk Index). Circulation 1999;100(10):1043-1049.
  2. Hlatky MA et al. Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). Am J Cardiol 1989;64(10):651-654.
  3. Fleisher LA et al. 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;64(22):e77-e137.

Sospensione GLP-1 agonisti

  1. ASA Consensus-Based Guidance on Preoperative Management of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists. American Society of Anesthesiologists, June 2023 (updated 2024).
  2. Sherwin M et al. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Anesthetic Considerations. Br J Anaesth 2023;131(3):e64-e67.

Sospensione ACE-inibitori/Sartanici

  1. Roshanov PS et al. Withholding versus Continuing Angiotensin System Inhibitors before Noncardiac Surgery (STOP-ACEi Trial). Anesthesiology 2024;140(5):971-984.

Vie aeree e valutazione Mallampati

  1. Mallampati SR et al. A Clinical Sign to Predict Difficult Tracheal Intubation. Can Anaesth Soc J 1985;32(4):429-434.
  2. Apfelbaum JL et al. 2022 ASA Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology 2022;136(1):31-81.

Normativa italiana

  1. SIAARTI — Raccomandazioni per la valutazione anestesiologica preoperatoria, 2012 (aggiornamento 2020).
  2. D.Lgs. 502/1992 — Riordino della disciplina in materia sanitaria.
  3. L. 3/2018, DPR 309/1990 — Regolamentazione sostanze stupefacenti.